Analysis of Molecular Blood Group Determination in Patients at the University Clinical Hospital Mostar over a 2.5-year Period

Mirela Sušac; Ivana Primorac; Jadranka Knežević

Authors

Mirela Sušac, PhD Candidate Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;Transfusion Center, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
Ivana Primorac, PhD Candidate Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Rijeka
Prim. Assoc. Prof. Jadranka Knežević, MD, PhD School of Medicine, University of Mostar;Transfusion Center, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Keywords:

ABO blood group; RhD variants; RHD genotyping; molecular typing; transfusion medicine; alloimmunization; weak D; partial D; DEL variant

Abstract

Background: The study aimed to analyze the frequency of ABO and RhD genotypes, including RHD variant alleles, and to evaluate the clinical value of molecular genotyping in comparison with standard serological findings.

Methods: A total of 162 patients were included, all of whom underwent comprehensive serological and molecular typing of the ABO and RhD systems using PCR-based methods to identify weak, partial, and DEL RhD variants as well as other rare alleles, with correlation to transfusion history and clinical indications.

Main findings: The results demonstrated a predominance of blood group A and O, while blood groups B and AB were less frequent, with the majority of patients being RhD positive. A significant number of weak and partial RhD variants were identified, particularly among transfusion recipients and patients with a positive Coombs test. Molecular genotyping enabled clarification of serological discrepancies and precise determination of the Rh phenotype, ensuring a more rational use of RhD-negative blood units.

Principal conclusion: These findings confirm the importance of molecular analysis of the ABO and RhD systems in optimizing transfusion practice, reducing the risk of alloimmunization, and supporting an individualized approach to patient care.

Author Biographies

Mirela Sušac, PhD Candidate, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;Transfusion Center, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina

PhD Candidate at the Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, and Head Nurse at the Transfusion Center, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Ivana Primorac, PhD Candidate, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Rijeka

Faculty member at the Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Rijeka, Croatia.

Prim. Assoc. Prof. Jadranka Knežević, MD, PhD, School of Medicine, University of Mostar;Transfusion Center, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Dr. Sc.Jadranka Knežević is an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Medicine and the Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Head of the Transfusion Center at the University Clinical Hospital Mostar.

Analysis of Molecular Blood Group Determination in Patients at the University Clinical Hospital Mostar over a 2.5-year Period

Authors

Keywords:

Abstract

Author Biographies

Mirela Sušac, PhD Candidate, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;Transfusion Center, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina

Ivana Primorac, PhD Candidate, Faculty of Economics and Business, University of Rijeka

Prim. Assoc. Prof. Jadranka Knežević, MD, PhD, School of Medicine, University of Mostar;Transfusion Center, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina;Faculty of Health Studies, University of Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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